40. 관계사 예문 연습 총 정리! Clauses(절)을 이해하면 관계사는 끝!

관계사 연습을 통해 바로 영작과 스피킹이 이뤄질 수 있도록 만들어 봅시다!!

 

특히 관계사 부분에서 복잡한 용어나 설명 때문에 헷갈리시는 분도 계셨을 거고, 더 혼란이 가중된 부분도 있었을 겁니다. 그래서 어렵다고 계속 생각하시지만, 관계사는 아래 제가 나열해 드린 문장의 패턴만 이해하시면 끝입니다.

알짜배기만 이 한자리에 관계사를 다 모아놓았으니 같이 연습해 보도록 해요.

 

제가 제차 강조하지만 용어들에 혼동하지 마시고, 예문을 통해 쓰임을 보시면 바로 회화에 응용이 되실 겁니다. 

 

그럼, 시작해보죠 !!

 

 

크게 아래 두 가지 경우에 대해서 아시면 됩니다.

 

1. Noun clauses(명사절)

2. Adjective clauses(형용사절)

 

 

첫 번째, Noun clauses, 즉 명사절에서 관계사 쓰임이 어떻게 되는지 연습해 보도록 할게요. 

 

아래 질문이 들어올 경우, 관계사를 사용해서 답해보는 형태입니다. 관계사 중심으로 밑줄 순서 잘 봐주세요. 

그리고 색깔별로 공통적인 패턴을 보이고 있으니 눈여겨 잘 봐주시면 됩니다.

 

[1~3]

Q1. Where does she live?

▶I don't know where she lives.

 

Q2. What did he say?

▶I couldn't hear what he said.

 

Q3. When do they arrive?

▶Do you know when they arrive?

 

 

[4~6]

Q4. Who lives there?

▶I don't know who lives there.

 

Q5. What happened?

▶Please tell me what happened.

 

Q6. Who is at the door?

▶I wonder who is at the door. 

 

 

[7~9]

Q7. Who is she?

▶I don't know who she is.

 

Q8. Who are those men?

▶I don't know who those men are. 

 

Q9. Whose house is that?

▶I wonder whose house that is.

 

 

[10~11]

Q10. What did she say?

▶What she said surpised me.

 

Q11. What should they do?

▶What they should do is obvious.

 

 

 

그리고, 명사절에서 하나 더 that 이 있습니다. 괄호 친 부분은 생략가능함을 나타냅니다. 

 

[12] that

▶I think (that) he is a good actor.

▶We know (that) the world is round.

 

▶That she doesn’t understand spoken English is obvious. 가 원래 that절을 이용한 문장인데, that절이 주어 부분으로 상당히 길기 때문에 아얘 뒤로 빼줍니다. 그러면 It이라는 비인칭주어를 사용하여 that절을 뒤로 빼줄 수 있어요.

It ~ that구문 들어보셨을 겁니다. 바로 아래 문장이에요.

 

▶It is obvious (that) she doesn’t understand spoken English.

이 문장이 훨씬 보기 좋아서 이렇게 많이 사용합니다. 

 

▶The only thing (that) looks good on me is you.

☞ 여기서는 that만 가능, which는 사용 불가함. 이 말이 이해가 안 가시면 아래 클릭하셔서 that 설명 읽어보세요. 

 

39. 관계사 that, what, which, who, 전치사+관계사 정리

 

자, 이로써 명사절은 끝났습니다. 어때요? 쉽죠?

 

 

두 번째, Adjective clauses, 즉 형용사절에서 관계사 쓰임이 어떻게 되는지 연습해 보도록 할게요. 

 

1) As the subject (주어가 생략된 경우)

 

A. I thanked the woman. She helped me. 

▶I thanked the woman who helped me.

▶I thanked the woman that helped me. ☞ the woman이 사람이기 때문에 that보다는 who를 주로 사용합니다.

 

 

B. The book is mine. It is on the table.

▶The book which is on the table is mine.

▶The book that is on the table is mine.

▶The book is mine that is on the table. (X) ☞ 관계사로 표현할 때는 대상 뒤에 바로 표시를 해줍니다. 틀린 문장이에요. 

 

 

2) As the object of a verb (동사의 목적어가 생략된 경우)

 

A. The man was Mr. Jones. I saw him.

▶The man who/whom I saw was Mr. Jones.

▶The man that I saw was Mr. Jones.

▶The man I saw was Mr. Jones. (관계사 생략)

 

B. The movie wasn’t very good. We saw it last night.

▶The movie which we saw last night wasn’t very good.

▶The movie that we saw last night wasn’t very good.

▶The movie we saw last night wasn’t very good. (관계사 생략)

 

 

3) As the object of a preposition (전치사의 목적어가 생략된 경우)

 

A. She is the woman. I told you about her.

▶She is the woman about whom I told you.

▶She is the woman who/whom I told you about.

▶She is the woman that I told you about.

▶She is the woman I told you about. (관계사 생략)

 

B. The music was good. We listened to it last night.

▶The music to which we listened last night was good.

▶The music which we listened to last night was good.

▶The music that we listened to last night was good.

▶The music we listened to last night was good. (관계사 생략)

                      

C. The picture was beautiful. She was looking at it.

▶The picture which she was looking at was beautiful.

▶The picture at which she was looking was beautiful.

▶The picture that she was looking at was beautiful.

 

 

4) Using Whose (Whose 관계사)

 

A. I know the man. His bicycle was stolen.

▶I know the man whose bicycle was stolen.

 

B. The student writes well. I read her composition.

▶The student whose composition I read writes well.

 

C. Mr. John has a painting. Its value is inestimable.

▶Mr. John has a painting whose value is inestimable.

 

 

5) Using Where (Where 관계사)

 

A. The building is very old. He lives there (in that building).

▶The building where he lives is very old.

▶The building in which he lives is very old.

▶The building which he lives in is very old.

▶The building that he lives in is very old.

▶The building he lives in is very old. (관계사 생략)

 

 

6) Using When (When 관계사)

 

A. I’ll never forget the day. I met you then (on that day).

▶I’ll never forget the day when I met you.

▶I’ll never forget the day on which I met you.

▶I’ll never forget the day that I met you.

▶I’ll never forget the day I met you. (관계사 생략)

 

 

7) Using expressions of quantity ("양이나 수"에 대한 관계사)

 

A. In my class there are 20 students. Most of them are from the East.

▶In my class there are 20 students, most of whom are from the East.

 

B. He gave several reasons. Only a few of them were valid.

▶He gave several reasons, only a few of which were valid.

 

C. The teachers discussed Jim. One of his problems was poor study habits.

▶The teachers discussed Jim, one of whose problems was poor study habits.

 

 

8) Using Noun + of which (명사+of which 관계사)

 

A. We have an antique table. The top of it has jade inlay.

▶We have an antique table, the top of which has jade inlay.

 

 

9) Reducing or Changing (줄이거나 생략하는 경우의 관계사)

 

A. The girl who is sitting next to me is Maria.

▶The girl sitting next to me is Maria. (Clause(절) -> Phrase(구)로 변경)

 

B. The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.

▶The boy playing the piano is Ben. (Clause(절) -> Phrase(구)로 변경)

 

C. The boy (whom /who) I saw was Tom. (관계사 생략)

 

D. English has an alphabet that consists of 26 letters.

▶English has an alphabet consisting of 26 letters. (Clause(절) -> Phrase(구)로 변경)

♣ Phrasal verb(숙어표현) : vt. consist of sth ☞ to be made of particular parts or things(~로 구성되다)

 

E. Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.

▶Anyone wanting to come with us is welcome. (Clause(절) -> Phrase(구)로 변경)

 

이렇게 관계사 모두 정리를 해보았습니다.

위 사항에 대한 부분만 이해를 하시면 이제 관계사로 인한 문제는 더 이상 없으실 겁니다. 

 

그럼, 다음 시간에 또 알찬 내용 가지고 오겠습니다. ^^

 

그냥영어과외 홈페이지 문의